PSG has now won the prestigious cup on fourteen different occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the showdown featuring the French league champions and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele found the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille struck twice in the closing moments to take a surprise advantage. First, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the final seconds to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing penalty victory.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the past 13 seasons.